2014年《政府工作報告》明確提出，要推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，要著重解決好現有“三個1億人”問題。

“三個1億人”問題可用three tasks concerning 100 million people來表示，具體說來就是：促進約1億農業轉移人口落戶城鎮（granting urban residency to around 100 million rural people who have moved to cities），改造約1億人居住的城鎮棚戶區和城中村（rebuilding rundown city areas and villages inside cities where around 100 million people live），引導約1億人在中西部地區就近城鎮化（guiding the urbanization of around 100 million rural residents of the central and western regions in cities there）。