 舌頭上的“酸甜苦辣”地圖
[ 2009-03-09 10:14 ]
你知道舌頭也有自己的“地圖”嗎？能品嘗出“甜”味的味蕾位于舌尖；“咸”味味蕾位于舌頭前部的一側；“酸”味味蕾在“咸”味味蕾的后面；“苦”味味蕾在舌頭的后半部分。據說葡萄酒杯就可以測試出這樣的舌頭味覺部位安排。
The Claim: Tongue Is Mapped Into Four Areas of Taste
High school textbooks call it the tongue map — that colorful illustration that neatly divides the human tongue into sections according to taste receptors. There is the tip of the tongue for sweet, the sides for sour and salty, and the back of the tongue for bitter. But recent studies show that while scientists still have much to learn about receptors, the map, at least, is wrong.
What is known is that there are at least five basic tastes: sweet, sour, salty, bitter and the most recently discovered, umami. This last flavor, which means “savory” in Japanese, can be detected in miso, soy sauce and other Asian foods, particularly those that contain monosodium glutamate(味精). And scientists suspect that there are receptors for other flavors as well.
In a study published in the journal Nature in 2006, a team of scientists reported that receptors for the basic tastes are found in distinct cells, and that these cells are not localized but spread throughout the tongue. That said, other studies suggest that some parts may be more sensitive to certain flavors, and that there may be differences in the way men and women detect sour, salty and bitter flavors.
（來源：紐約時報網站 英語點津Jennifer編輯）
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